Nonetheless, when there is the discussion of a multicultural society, there are some necessary safeguards against ethnocentrism and cultural relativism. Class is a key axis of power in globalisation, but it is not the only one. Liberal talk of freedom and democracy make up a legitimating ideology for exploitative global capitalist class relations. In this blog, he provides a summary of new evidence about the potential of a therapeutic strategy born at the crossroad between neurology, immunology and oncology. Copyright 2010 www.outlookafghanistan.net - All Rights Reserved. We cite peer reviewed academic articles wherever possible and reference our sources at the end of our articles. Notably, convergence theory can encourage international cooperation and collaboration. These theorists argued that convergence was more than just a simple process and could have a tangible impact on how societies interact. Globalization Research Paper. It puts emphasis on the empirical world, the subordination of nature to human control, objectivist science, and instrumentalist efficiency. If people then experience other cultures that have different values and normal behaviors, they will find that the thought patterns appropriate to their birth culture and the meanings their birth culture attaches to behaviors are not appropriate for the new cultures. Reviewers ensure all content reflects expert academic consensus and is backed up with reference to academic studies. There is a large proportion of impoverished and illiterate individuals, as well as a small elite class that controls the majority of the economy. Some regard it as proof that a totally contemporary way of life is possible in a non-Western civilization. Sceptics, such as Hirst and Thompson (1996) ostensibly argue that globalisation is a myth which conceals the reality of an international economy increasingly segmented into three major regional blocs in which national governments remain very powerful. Finally, transformationalists such as Rosenau (1997) or Giddens (1990) argue that globalisation occurs as states and societies across the globe are experiencing a process of profound change as they try to adapt to a more interconnected but highly uncertain world. As societies become more similar, there may be less social tension and conflict as people share similar values, beliefs, and practices, promoting social harmony and reducing the risk of civil unrest. Its origins are traced back to the mid-1960s when Clark Kerr states that societies around the globe were continuously becoming more and more alike due to technological, communication, and transportation advancements. However, by looking at the interventions we can already see some heterogeneity in the results. Convergence theory often overlooks the role of power and inequality in shaping social change. These organisational interests combine actors identified under the hyper-globalist category (namely IGOs and MNEs) with those of the sceptics (trading blocs and powerful states) into a new system where each of these actors exercises their political power, authority and forms of rule. However, he noted that the impacts of economic globalization remain positive albeit limited due to the problems stemming from inconveniences and heterogeneous results. This would be a win-win situation for the company and the employee as he struggled to get the job. It looks like a secular faith, a knowledge framework for capitalist production and a cult of economic efficiency. Corporate Valuation, Investment Banking, Accounting, CFA Calculator & others, This website or its third-party tools use cookies, which are necessary to its functioning and required to achieve the purposes illustrated in the cookie policy. This article was peer-reviewed and edited by Chris Drew (PhD). It concentrates profits at points of low taxation. These are just a few theories of globalisation. Food is also one of the important factors of globalization. The people still because of their cultural, religious and ethnic differences seem to abhor others and even get ready to launch tyrannical missions against each other. cultural globalization and the local practice in everyday life are interlinked and interconnected. So, as countries become increasingly linked and globalized, they will tend to imitate each others governmental systems (such as democracy rather than communism), economic models (capitalism, socialism, or a blend of both), and collective values. Cultural, racial, social, religious, ethnic heterogeneity of educational groups is a problem of modern education in the context of integration and globalization. These countries have a powerful central government that is well-funded through taxes. It understands reality primarily in terms of human interests, activities and conditions. This test assumes the null hypothesis that all the studies are homogeneous, or that each study is measuring an identical effect, and gives us a p-value to test this hypothesis. Women have tended to be marginalised, silenced and violated in global communication. Globalisation neglects environmental degradation and equitable gender relations. Wilensky, H. L. (2002). On the contrary, low-income nations have taken longer to integrate into the global economy than others, partly due to their policies and partly due to causes beyond their control. Convergence is not just one of the hobbies or inventions but a requirement of the time associated with the search for socio-economic alternatives. All theories of globalization have been put hereunder in eight categories: liberalism, political realism, Marxism, constructivism, postmodernism, feminism , Trans-formationalism and eclecticism. The cell phone connects people of all over the world and that too at a multimedia level. At some levels, globalisation is considered as antithetical to territorial states. If the same inclination towards cultural relativism is maintained it would be very difficult for todays world to form common values, laws or systems, which are very necessary to avoid clashes among the cultures and civilizations. d) Saw the establishment of the international Convention on the Elimination . How Does It Work? It subordinates all other ways of understanding and acting upon the world. According to them states are inherently acquisitive and self-serving, and heading for inevitable competition of power. True. These identities have many international qualities visualised in global diasporas and other group affiliations based on age, class, gender, race, religious faith and sexual orientations. International trade has been around for centuries and while globalisation may feel like a modern concept, changes across borders have happened ever since. However, when they go too far, they present a case of social-psychological reductionism ignoring the significance of economic and ecological forces in shaping mental experience. Marxists reject both liberalist and political realist explanations of globalisation. They are having a presence in more than 100 countries. Globalization . Thus, the idea of the adherents of convergence was confirmed that the market form of economy applies only to a part of socio-economic relations and, in many cases, turns out to be harmful and powerless. It Ignores Cultural and Historical Differences, 2. The truths revealed by objective method are valid for anyone, anywhere, and anytime on earth. Dependency theory was developed in response to modernization theory, and it employs the concept of Core and Periphery nations from the World-systems theory to examine disparities between countries. This paper is made mainly on cultural changes focusing. All theories of globalization have been put hereunder in eight categories: liberalism, political realism, Marxism, constructivism, postmodernism, feminism , Trans-formationalism and eclecticism. Key Concepts Assessing treatment claims. Its a descriptive term for when material moves from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. The globalization process that has been expected to bring people together has not been able to maintain a harmonious multi-cultural world. Top 10 Principles of Syndicalism Explained! If others differ from you, it means you exist. All other theories have identified the dynamics behind the rise of trans-planetary and supra-territorial connectivity in technology, state, capital, identity and the like. Among those who predict increasing cultural homogeneity as a result of globalization, some believe that divisive identity politics will not survive the increased interdependence brought about by a global culture. However, none should substitute multiculturalism as it is the evolution human beings have made in their social lives. Here are some examples: Multinational corporations operate on a global scale, with satellite offices and branches in numerous locations. ); one that is heterogeneous is distinctly nonuniform in at least one of these qualities. Furthermore, convergence theory also has implications for social cohesion and stability in any community. Theory of Liberalism: Don, F. J. H. (2019). Such accounts of globalisation have come from the fields of Anthropology, Humanities, Media of Studies and Sociology. This theory neglects issues of structural inequalities and power hierarchies in social relations. An expansive global identity both provokes and facilitates an explanatory local identity. Glocalization is a combination of the words "globalization" and "localization", used to describe a product or service that is developed and distributed globally, but is also adjusted to . It has a long tradition of adapting the needs of the global market. Through this information flow, we . 12 Additionally, its own force . These semi-periphery countries might arise from either Periphery countries climbing up to the modernised Core countries or Core countries descending to Periphery status. This is a broad trend that has been underway for centuries. These are sub-state authorities, macro-regional institutions, global agencies, and private-sector bodies. They are, more often than not, in an undesirable economic situation, which implies they have little potential to progress or develop. In short, in the globally connected world, we might not be as homogenized as we assume to be. Marx himself anticipated the growth of globality that capital by its nature drives beyond every spatial barrier to conquer the whole earth for its market. https://helpfulprofessor.com/convergence-theory-examples/. Thus, an increase in globalization leads to an increase in the arrival of foreign tourists. Shreya provides background and context on the importance and use of decisionsupport tools via mobile devices in primary healthcare settings, whilst also summarizing a 2021 Cochrane review on this topic. Accordingly, to Marxists, globalisation happens because trans-world connectivity enhances opportunities of profit-making and surplus accumulation. Like, the Greek culture is being spread over Africa, Asia, and Europe which can be seen in the cities having the name of Alexander in Africa, Turkey, and Egypt. document.getElementById("ak_js").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()); 2017 PoliticalScienceNotes - All rights reserved Terms of Service Privacy Policy Contact Us. A global partnership will simultaneously create a connection between countries and allow countries to learn from each other. Cultural traditions and ideas are also passed amongst different groups from group to group, which we know as a process termed diffusion. Globalization is a process of heterogenization, observed that cultural globalization occurs through and in cultural transformations which occur within the local level Cultures. 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