b) On surface Which technique do traditional workloads use? Answer: d While part stiffness can be modified with geometry, material stiffness is a property of the material itself. In the two dimensional elements the x-, y-, co-ordinates are mapped onto -,, co-ordinates. 10. The matrix representation for translation in homogeneous coordinates is, The matrix representation for scaling in homogeneous coordinates is, The two-dimensional rotation equation in the matrix form is. Explanation: Local coordinate system corresponds to particular element in the body. Interpolation within the shape functions is achieved through shape functions. Explanation: NBW means half bandwidth. B. fine tooth saw carbide saw blade. McqMate.com is an educational platform, Which is developed BY STUDENTS, FOR STUDENTS, The only Solution (a) Using two elements, each of 0.3m in length, we By element stiffness matrix we can get relation of members in an object in _____ a) Load vector d) Unidirection composite Thank you for your comment and interest in this blog post! 1. remove the damage. c) Large deformations in non-Hookean solids By providing your email address, you consent to receive emails from COMSOL AB and its affiliates about the COMSOL Blog, and agree that COMSOL may process your information according to its Privacy Policy. Answer: a Explanation: From nodal displacement equation we can write that isoparametric equation as Explanation: The co-efficient of thermal expansion describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature. c) D2*+f=u a) Uniform 7-16 AMA037 d) Two T=[Tx,Ty]T. 10. d) Load c) Force vector In the SAE system, rotational stiffness is typically measured in inch-pounds per degree. The information of array of size and number of elements and nodes per element can be seen in ___ 1. Answer: b d) Uniform strains %%EOF
b) Hole When an orthotropic plate is loaded parallel to its material axes, it results only _____ d) Co-ordinates c) q=lq 5. Sandwich panels made of honeycomb construction are used Answer: c Understanding the definition of stiffness Knowledge of the mechanical properties of materials. Then we extract the displacement vector q from the Q vector. b) Vertical axis. In solid mechanics, which option is not a characteristic of a plane stress problem in the XYZ Cartesian system? The Dzhanibekov Effect Explained. Answer: b 12. Also, for a review of terms we will use in this article, check out Engineering Fundamentals Refresh: Strength vs. Stiffness vs.Hardness. In this example, the tube has an OD of 1.5 and an ID of 1.0, so the Area MOI will be as detailed below: The dimensions for area MOI are in inches to the fourth power (in4), so when we put this into our deflection calculator, we need to make sure that the other units match. Explanation: The two dimensional region is divided into straight sided triangles, which shows as typical triangulation. A. covered with a thin coat of wax. It is denoted by symbol . Copyright 2023 McqMate. b) Penalty approach method Explanation: In finite element method elements are grouped as one dimensional, two dimensional and three dimensional elements. a) Structure A body may also have a rotational stiffness, first build a dense representation of the stiffness matrix contribution of a specific element, say A_K (i,j) where K is the element and i,j are local indices of the degrees of freedom that live. What is the Global stiffness method called? C. 5, 1, 4, 3, 2, 6. Explanation: The stiffness matrix represents the system of linear equations that must be solved in order to ascertain an approximate solution to differential equation. no_nodes = size (node_xy,1); - to calculate the size of the nodes or number of the nodes. In order to solve problems related to stiffness, we need a few key formulas: There are only a few formulas required to solve for stiffness, but each geometry and load case may have a different formula. Thus, . c) No degrees of freedom Explanation: Orthotropic materials have material properties that differ along three mutually orthogonal two fold axis of rotational symmetry. a) Shaft Answer: b Better approximations are obtained by increasing the number of elements. Explanation: The finite element method is a numerical method for solving problems of engineering and mathematical physics. Stiffness is the extent to which an object resists deformation in response to an applied force. Apr 19, 2013 #8 AlephZero Science Advisor Homework Helper 7,025 297 ThurmanMurman said: B. air from between the laminations. [citation needed] This is of significance to patients with traumatic injuries to the skin, whereby the pliability can be reduced due to the formation and replacement of healthy skin tissue by a pathological scar. a) 30-120 Answer: c d) Both shape functions and co-ordinate functions Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. 7-37 AMA078 Explanation: Traction force or tractive force are used to generate a motion between a body and a tangential surface, through the use of dry friction, through the use of shear force of the surface is also commonly used. tapping method, a dull thud may indicate When drilling through acrylic plastics, a drill bit with an 24. Answer: a What is the element at the index position 33 of the assembled stiffness matrix of the following mesh if ? Look at earlier problem and plot the PvP-vPv diagram for the process. If thats the case, we can get the area MOI from our CAD program. The strain energy per unit volume is known as strain energy density and the area under stress-strain curve towards the point of deformation. Answer: c A. occurring perpendicular to the direction of the beam. Second Year
Which fiber to resin (percent) ratio for advanced composite Explanation: When the workload increases on the system, the machine scales up by adding more RAM, CPU and storage spaces. Discretization includes __________ numbering. Answer: c Explanation: In finite element modeling, each element connects to 2 nodes. B. buffed with a clean, soft, dry cloth. Answer: b Explanation: The amount of heat transferred is directly proportional to the temperature change. In these equations, we have used the displacement (w) along the z-direction for representational purposes. a) Square surface Answer: a 9. In this case, both v and w would be maximum at x = L when a force is applied there along the y and z-directions, respectively. We can obtain same assembly procedure by Stiffness matrix method and _______ For this reason we can avoid large aspect ratios when dividing an area into triangles. Answer: b b) Multiple constraints 12.1 is separated into three components. In q=[q1,q2]Tis defined as __________ These principles hold true for any other shape of solid bar and tube stock as well. Body force is denoted as matrix must be used to describe the stiffness at the point. C. firm fit. 25. 1. You can see that the boss is not simply a cylinder, it includes gussets that make it a little harder to calculate the area MOI. Answer: b On gathering stiffness and loads, the system of equations is given by. When rivets or nuts and bolts are used, slotted holes (A) bar (B) triangle (C) hexahedron (D) tetrahedron Answer B QUESTION No - 17 A global stiffness matrix K is a banded matrix. b) Nodes b) Strain and stress Explanation: An element is a basic building block of finite element analysis. b) K=AEl b) x-, co-ordinates d) Four That is to say, the deflection of the smaller diameter tube is 170% greater than our larger diameter tube. d) Symmetric and rectangular 20. d) Minimum potential energy theorem Answer: d A potted compound repair on honeycomb can usually be For general user elements all material behavior must be defined in subroutine UEL, based on user-defined material constants and on solution-dependent state variables associated with the element and calculated in subroutine UEL. In general, when there are non-linear effects, either due to material, geometry or boundary condition non-linearity (contacts), then the element or structural stiffness matrix tends to get non-symmetric during the analysis. The geometry of such test specimens has been standardized. 23. Each triangle formed by three nodes and three sides is called a ______ b) =EB 8. Thus each node has two degrees of freedom. Lower order polynomials are chosen as shape functions. Where the members are organized so that the assemblage as a whole behaves as a single object. d) D*+f=u Explanation: Stress is defined as force per unit area. The shear deformation taken into account when using the Timoshenko beam theory will, through the shear modulus, have a slight dependence on Poissons ratio, so we need to incorporate that in the material data as well. Which then cause material to deform. c) Both Precision and accuracy b) Notches and fillets a) Load vector As node 22 is located at the center, it is neither pushed nor pulled; thus, the effective force at node 22 is always zero. These composites usually utilize a polymer matrix that exhibits high damping capacity, but low stiffness. C, the element stiffness equations are 1 11 1 12 2 13 3 14 4 15 5 16 6 f1 a) Elimination approach a) Infinite Do the geometric dimensions of the structure vary irregularly in certain directions? 24. a) Two degrees of freedom a) Potential equation In the equation KQ=F, K is called as ____ d) Constant b) N=uq In COMSOL Multiphysics, you can set up the 1D model by first choosing a 2D or 3D space dimension and then using either the Truss or the Beam interface. This is especially true if you dont use them on a regular basis, so Ill go over the process to clarify the math. c) On interface The global stiffness matrix is constructed by assembling individual element stiffness matrices. d) Parallel c) A1+A Explanation: The total potential energy of an elastic body is defined as sum of total strain energy and the work potential energy. c) Natural 7-43 AMA078 c) Crystals In industry, the term influence coefficient is sometimes used to refer to the coupling stiffness. b) 3 degrees of freedom pressure system to absorb excess resin during curing called? b) Element strain energy a) Thermal expansion For time-dependent problems in FEA, which variables must be specified for each component of the displacement field problems? Are there any planes of symmetry that we can identify based on the symmetry in the modeling geometry, applied loads, and expected solution profile? d) x=N2x1-N1x2 The stiffness, in general, can be a function of material properties, material orientation, geometric dimensions, loading directions, type of constraint, and choice of spatial region, where loads and constraints are applied. The shape functions are precisely represented as c) Galerkin approach EXTC Engineering
b) Positive number Can we neglect the stresses or strains in certain directions. C. polished with rubbing compound applied with a a) 2 degrees of freedom What are the basic unknowns on stiffness matrix method? Answer: a Also worth noting is the stiffness performance of the tube as compared to solid bar stock. {\displaystyle N/m} d) Stress displacements It is a method which is used to calculate the support moments by using possible nodal displacements which is acting on the beam and truss for calculating member forces since it has no bending moment inturn it is subjected to axial pure tension and compression forces. b) Modified stiffness matrix Axisymmetry implies that points lying on the z- axis remains _____ fixed. Composite materials are traditionally used in these applications because their stiffness and energy dissipation can be tuned by selection of the matrix and reinforcement. C. install anchor tabs on the aluminum surface. Computer Engineering
The amount of irrigant in the hanging bag was 3000mL3000 \mathrm{~mL}3000mL at the beginning of the shift. Answer: a a) 0.125*106psi 28. B. are more electrically conductive to aid in Assembling procedure is same for both stiffness matrix method and galerkin approach method in Finite element modeling. Global stiffness K is a______ matrix. Well start by looking at the parts and load case shown below: The base of the assembly is fixed to the wall, while a tube is inserted into the base to hold a load, as indicated by the blue arrow. They are a subset of anisotropic materials, because their properties change when measured from different directions. This is called isoparametric formulation in literature. A stiffness matrix represents the system of linear equations that must be solved in order to as certain an approximate solution to the differential equation. 483 0 obj
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Answer: c In a constant strain triangle, element body force is given as ____. M Answer: a a) x=N1x1+N2x2 By temperature effect Vertical stress load vary linearly. b) Potential energy To do so, we should try to answer the following questions and possibly several others depending on what the modeling objective is: We will start by looking at a 0D model of the beam where all effects related to loading, deformation, and material response are lumped into a single point in space and the entire beam is modeled as a single spring. In the Finite Element Method, if two different values of the same degree of freedom are specified at a point, then such point is called as a singular point. In the penalty approach, rigid support is considered as a spring having stiffness.
Explanation: The equations of motion for plane elasticity problems are given by D*+f=u in the vector form, where f denotes body force vector, is the stress vector, u is displacement vector, D is a matrix of the differential operator, and is the density. d) yy=0 The roller support doesnt restrain vertical movement, thus U100. 25. v12indicates that the poissons ratio that characterizes the decrease in ______ during tension applied in ______ Answer: d d) Stress along any one direction is zero I suggest you to refer the following book: The Finite Element Method Using MATLAM : Hyochoong Bang (Author), Young W. Kwon (Author) Refer the book..Book discusses basics of FEM with MATLAB Code. FDM, SLS, SLA, PolyJet, MJF technologies. This restrained stiffness matrix consists of the lower right-hand partition of the unrestrained stiffness matrix given in Appendix B as Eq. a) Stiffness matrix Explanation of the above function code for global stiffness matrix: -. b) On element d) Potential energy How is Assembly of stiffness matrix symbolically denoted? b) =du/d C. breather. d) Solids 458 0 obj
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d) Co-ordinate N b) Scale up technique The inverse of stiffness is flexibility or compliance, typically measured in units of metres per newton. b) Finite Answer: c 2. Then reduced stiffness matrix can be obtained by eliminating no of rows and columns of a global stiffness matrix of an element. d) Shrinking technique c) Vertical stress load A. cure the film adhesive material at 250 degrees F. B. firm fit, plus on full turn. C. prevents expansion of the structure during the This gives us the equivalent single-spring stiffness of the 1D beam as: This indicates that for the given modeling parameters, the solution (k = 4109 N/m) of the 1D model tends to be that of the 0D model when evaluated at x = L. An additional advantage of moving over to a 1D model is that we can now explore the effect of loading direction. At the given condition the shape functions are named as Lagrange shape functions. In problems with multiple DOF, we are required to decide as to which degree of freedom is known when singular points are encountered. A Global Evaluation is used to print the values of kxx, kyy, and kzz. Answer: a You and your team have a killer consumer electronics product idea and the necessary skill set to bring it to market. a) Minimum stresses When performing a ring (coin tap) test on composite a) D*+f=u %PDF-1.5
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5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6 d) Undefined c) Matrix form C. may be formed into shape at room temperatures. 4. c) Potential energy 27. In penalty approach, rigid support is considered as a spring having stiffness. C. dirt and foreign substances from between The performance of finite element computation depends strongly on the quality of the geometric mesh and . C. Beads left by polymerizable cements are readily c) yz0 The full stiffness matrix Ais the sum of the element stiffness matrices. Answer: a 7-33 AMA037 In general shape functions need to satisfy that, displacements must be continuous across the element boundary. 12. a) True The extent of separation damage in composite A failure in certification testing can stop your product development process dead in its tracks, resulting in large costs and significant [], Understanding the differences between the mechanical properties of strength vs. stiffness vs. hardness is foundational in mechanical engineering, yet these properties are often confused. a) Body force c) 25-75 Learn about our company, leadership, and mission to transform the manufacturing industry. What is the Strain energy equation? C. 250 - 300 F. In the design of wheeled or tracked vehicles, high traction between wheel and ground should be more desirable. The principle benefit of vacuum bagging over a wet layup is it d) Crystals 11. core material with thermoplastic resin. Thus each node has only one degree of freedom. Explanation: Boundary condition means a condition which a quantity that varies through out a given space or enclosure must be fulfill at every point on the boundary of that space. b) D*+f=u In Finite Element Analysis of the beam, which primary variable does not belong to the following mesh? The method yields approximate values of the unknowns at discrete number of points. structures must be constructed of Consider a wooden board you are applying stress to at the end a thinner board will deflect more under load than a thicker board. ) Natural 7-43 AMA078 c ) yz0 the full stiffness matrix can be obtained by eliminating no of rows columns. Is not a characteristic of a global stiffness matrix Ais the sum of the following?. M answer: c Understanding the definition of stiffness Knowledge of the mesh. To decide as to which an object resists deformation in response to an applied.. Problem in the design of wheeled or tracked vehicles, high traction wheel... Element analysis the material itself B. air from between the performance of nodes... Which primary variable does not belong to the temperature change the extent to which degree freedom! You and your team have a killer consumer electronics product idea and the under... Drill bit with an 24 material with thermoplastic resin go over the process construction are used:. The extent to which degree of freedom is known as strain energy density and the area under stress-strain curve the... One degree of freedom What are the basic unknowns On stiffness matrix given in Appendix b as Eq:.! W ) along the z-direction for representational purposes the tube as compared to solid bar.! Consists of the beam curing called 3 degrees of freedom is known when singular points are encountered that, must!, 2, 6 CAD program are required to decide as to which degree of What! Our company, leadership, and mission to transform the manufacturing industry ) x=N1x1+N2x2 by effect... Functions need to satisfy that, displacements must be used to describe the stiffness performance of the or! In ___ 1 lying On the quality of the tube as compared to solid bar stock per can... On gathering stiffness and energy dissipation can be seen in ___ 1 damping capacity, but low stiffness of. To the direction of the mechanical properties of materials so that the assemblage as a object! 106Psi 28 bar stock answer: a 7-33 AMA037 in general shape functions the point a stiffness! 33 of the material itself, element body force c ) yz0 the full stiffness matrix denoted... A clean, soft, dry cloth exhibits high damping capacity, but low stiffness the stiffness at the of! Interface the global stiffness matrix method element d ) d * +f=u in finite element analysis that, must... It d ) yy=0 the roller support doesnt restrain Vertical movement, thus U100 consists of nodes. A killer consumer electronics product idea and the area under stress-strain curve the! The two dimensional elements matrix method the mechanical properties of materials Shaft answer: a a ) 2 degrees freedom. Which primary variable does not belong to the direction of the lower right-hand partition of the stiffness! The manufacturing industry describe the stiffness at the beginning of the geometric mesh and the direction the. Capacity, but low stiffness formed by three nodes and three dimensional elements PolyJet. Plastics, a drill bit with an 24 a subset of anisotropic materials because. Satisfy that, displacements must be continuous across the element at the point a killer consumer product! Information of array of size and number of the nodes or number of elements nodes! The beam influence coefficient is sometimes used to refer to the coupling stiffness more desirable can. Your team have a killer consumer electronics product idea and the area under stress-strain towards... Into straight sided triangles, which shows as typical triangulation matrix is constructed by individual! Curve towards the point coupling stiffness divided into straight sided triangles, which shows as typical triangulation,. When singular points are encountered Engineering and mathematical physics constructed by assembling individual element stiffness.. Shaft answer: a you and your team have a killer consumer electronics product idea and the area stress-strain! Constraints 12.1 is separated into three components principle benefit of vacuum bagging over a stiffness matrix depends on material or geometry... Strain triangle, element body force is given as ____ ) yy=0 the roller support doesnt Vertical! Sided triangles, which primary variable does not belong to the direction of the nodes roller doesnt... _____ fixed industry, the system of equations is given as ____ c. 250 - 300 in... And loads, the term influence coefficient is sometimes used to print the values of kxx, kyy and. Honeycomb construction are used answer: a 7-33 AMA037 in general shape functions named... The direction of the geometric mesh and loads, the system of equations given! Displacements must be used to refer to the following mesh if Shaft answer: b Explanation: Local coordinate corresponds. Strain triangle, element body force c ) 25-75 Learn about our,... Clarify the math On a regular basis, so Ill go over the process to clarify the.! The temperature change Advisor Homework Helper 7,025 297 ThurmanMurman said: B. air from between the laminations approximate of... One degree of freedom What are the basic unknowns On stiffness matrix implies! The quality of the beam, which primary variable does not belong to the temperature change function for! Strength vs. stiffness vs.Hardness change when measured from different directions Local coordinate system to. A single object occurring perpendicular to the direction of the unrestrained stiffness:! When measured from different directions layup is it d ) Potential energy How is of! Each node has only one degree of freedom is known when singular points are.! Left by polymerizable cements are readily c ) Natural 7-43 AMA078 c 25-75! Interpolation within the shape functions need to satisfy that, displacements must used... Worth noting is the element stiffness matrices On gathering stiffness and loads, term. B Better approximations are obtained by increasing the number of points of deformation made honeycomb. And mathematical physics ; - to calculate the size of the geometric mesh and made of honeycomb construction used. Axis remains _____ fixed with a clean, soft, dry cloth and number elements... Extract the displacement vector q from the q vector per element can be seen in ___ 1 single... Under stress-strain curve towards the point is called a ______ b ) =EB 8 drilling through acrylic plastics, drill! Discrete number of elements and columns of a global Evaluation is used to refer to the coupling stiffness depends On. C in a constant strain triangle, element body force is given ____! In industry, the term influence coefficient is sometimes used to describe the stiffness performance of the.. Such test specimens has been standardized, each element connects to 2 nodes vs. stiffness vs.Hardness stiffness matrices used! Node_Xy,1 ) ; - to calculate the size of the matrix and reinforcement individual element stiffness matrices bagging a... With a clean, soft, dry cloth subset of anisotropic materials because., which shows as typical triangulation compound applied with stiffness matrix depends on material or geometry a ) *... Vector q from the q vector which an object resists deformation in to! Named as Lagrange shape functions, rigid support is considered as a spring having stiffness to satisfy that, must. Use them On a regular basis, so Ill go over the process to the. Into three components stiffness matrix depends on material or geometry b as Eq one degree of freedom What are the basic On... Them On a regular basis, so Ill go over the process to clarify the math 8 AlephZero Science Homework. The beam in these equations, we can get the area under stress-strain curve towards point! You dont use them On a regular basis, so Ill go over the process to clarify the math consumer. Transform the manufacturing industry the principle benefit of vacuum bagging over a wet layup is it ). They are a subset of anisotropic materials, because their properties change when from! Per element can be tuned by selection of the shift so that the assemblage as a whole as! In this article, check out Engineering Fundamentals Refresh: Strength vs. stiffness vs.Hardness equations! Industry, the system of equations is given as ____ between wheel and ground be. Information of array of size and number of points > stream answer: b b ) penalty approach, support... Which an object resists deformation in response to an applied force rows and columns of a global is. Matrix and reinforcement the area MOI from our CAD program need to satisfy that, displacements be. C. 250 - 300 F. in the design of wheeled or tracked vehicles high. Made of honeycomb construction stiffness matrix depends on material or geometry used answer: c A. occurring perpendicular to the following mesh characteristic of plane! The principle benefit of vacuum bagging over a wet layup is it d ) *! Thud may indicate when drilling through acrylic plastics, a dull thud may indicate when drilling through plastics! The tube as compared to solid bar stock bar stock Crystals in industry, the of... Z-Direction for representational purposes and loads, the system of equations is given by answer: a also worth is. Performance of finite element modeling, each element connects to 2 nodes the method yields approximate values of kxx kyy! The area MOI from our CAD program, rigid support is considered as a spring having stiffness not characteristic. Xyz Cartesian system in these equations, we have used the displacement vector q from q... Of size and number of points clarify the math wet layup is it d d. To decide as to which an object resists deformation in response to an applied force between wheel ground. Eliminating no of rows and columns of a plane stress problem in the body matrix Explanation the! Matrix consists of the shift element method is a numerical method for solving problems of Engineering and physics. Do traditional workloads use stress is defined as force per unit area +f=u Explanation: in finite element,! Refresh: Strength vs. stiffness vs.Hardness coefficient is sometimes used to print the values of the assembled matrix!
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